Avatar is a science fiction film 2009 American epic directed, written, co-produced and co-edited by James Cameron and starring Sam Worthington, Zoe Saldana, Stephen Lang, Michelle Rodriguez, Giovanni Ribisi and Sigourney Weaver. The film is set in the mid-22nd century, when humans are mining a superconductor at room temperature called unobtanium on Pandora, a living lush moon of a gas giant in the Alpha Centauri star system. The expansion of the mining colony threatens the continued existence of a local tribe of Na'vi - A humanoid species indigenous to Pandora. The title of the film refers to a genetically engineered Na'vi body with the mind of a human being located at a distance that is used to interact with the natives of Pandora.
Development of Avatar began in 1994, when Cameron wrote an 80-page treatment for the film. Filming was supposed to take place after the completion of the 1997 film of Cameron Titanic, for a planned launch in 1999, but according to Cameron, the necessary technology was not yet available to achieve his vision of the film. Work on the language of the aliens from the movie began in 2005, and Cameron began developing the screenplay and fictional universe in early 2006. Avatar officially budgeted at $ 237 million. Other estimates put the cost between $ 280 million and $ 310 million for production and $ 150 million for promotion. The film made extensive use of new techniques of filming motion capture, and was released to the traditional view, 3D visualization (using 3D RealD, Dolby 3D, XpanD 3D and IMAX 3D formats), and experiences "4D" in some theaters in South Korea. The stereoscopic film was touted as a breakthrough in film technology.
Avatar premiered in London on December 10, 2009, and was released internationally on December 16 and in the United States and Canada on December 18, to positive critical reviews, with critics praising highly innovative visual effects. During its theatrical run, the film broke several box office records and became the highest grossing film of all time, as well as in the United States and Canada, surpassing Titanic, which had held the records for twelve years (and also was directed by Cameron). Also became the first film grossed over $ 2 billion. Avatar was nominated for nine Academy Awards, including Best Picture and Best Director, and won three, for Best Art Direction, Best Cinematography and Best Visual Effects. After the success of the film, Cameron signed with 20th Century Fox to produce three sequels, making Avatar the first of a planned tetralogy. The three sequels, all directed and co-written by Cameron, will be released each year from December 2017-2019
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